Italy’s Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni delivered a forceful message on migration at the 39th African Union Summit in Addis Ababa, stating that “those who believe that migration is necessary and indispensable are in fact acting selfishly.” Her remarks highlighted Italy’s strategy to reduce irregular migration while strengthening development and cooperation across Africa.
Meloni’s speech came soon after Italy approved a new immigration bill aimed at tightening border control. The legislation authorizes the Italian Navy to block vessels transporting migrants during periods described as “exceptional pressure,” reinforcing the government’s emphasis on national security alongside international partnership.
Opening her address, Meloni thanked African leaders for the invitation, calling her participation “a recognition that can only make Italy proud.” She reaffirmed Italy’s longstanding commitment to dialogue and collaboration, stressing that genuine cooperation must be built on mutual respect. “True cooperation,” she said, “is a relationship between equals,” warning against models rooted in domination or exploitation.
The Prime Minister’s comments coincided with a significant policy shift at home. Italy’s newly approved 17-article immigration law allows naval blockades under defined emergency conditions. Ships that violate such measures may face fines, and repeat offenders risk vessel confiscation. Migrants intercepted at sea may be redirected to third countries that maintain reception agreements with Italy.
The legislation also introduces stricter requirements for special protection status. Applicants must demonstrate at least five years of legal residence, proficiency in the Italian language, adequate housing, and financial stability. Additionally, judicial powers to expel migrants have been expanded to include serious criminal offenses, certain family-related crimes, and involvement in riots within detention facilities.
Interior Minister Matteo Piantedosi defended the reforms, describing them as necessary steps to protect Italy’s borders and improve migration management. However, the measures have drawn criticism from opposition parties and humanitarian organizations. Groups such as Sea-Watch Italy and Emergency warned that the policy could increase risks for migrants at sea and limit humanitarian rescue operations.
The law aligns with broader European Union regulations permitting member states to reject asylum claims if protection could reasonably be sought elsewhere. This reflects Italy’s broader call for coordinated European solutions to migration challenges.
Concluding her speech, Meloni advocated for a renewed partnership between Europe and Africa centered on education, research, and innovation. She emphasized fostering local opportunities rather than encouraging talent outflows. Citing Pliny the Elder’s observation that “something new always arises from Africa,” she urged leaders to pursue ambitious initiatives capable of transforming the continent.
Meloni’s address, together with Italy’s new legislation, underscores the country’s evolving migration policy — one that combines maritime enforcement with investment in development and human capital, positioning Italy as both a defender of its borders and a strategic partner for African nations.
